Incandescent gas-lamp.



C. A. CAMPBELL.y

INCANDESOENT GAS LAMP.

APPLIOATION num snr'r. 9, 1909.

lWITNESSES:

` IN1/Enron -ff MMM V` By G. A. CAMPBELL. INGANDESOBNT GAS LAMP.

APPLIoATmn 211.1111 SEPT. 9. 1900.

982,471 Patented Jan 24, 1911.

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o. A. CAMPBELL. INUANDBSOBNT GAS LAMP.

v APPLIOATIOH FILED SEPT. 9, 1909.'

l vPatented Jan. 24, 1911.

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f1 TTOHNE Y Br M @W .UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

CHARLES A. CAMPBELL, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

INCANDESCENT GAS-LAMP.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. CAMPBELL, of Brooklyn, county of Kings,State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inIncandescent Gas-Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact specification, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a multiple burner incandescent or Welsbach gaslamp of the inverted type. These lamps are commercially known by thetrade misnomer Inverted are lamp.

Numerous attempts have been made to produce a successful commercial lampof this type and such efforts have h'eretofore failed of success dueprincipally to the intense heat generated and to the necessity ofbringing the gas pipes down through the hot zone resulting in heat-ingthe gas to a high point before it enters the burner. This heating of thegas has two distinct and fatal objections. First, the gas tends to riseaway from the burner instead of liowing toward the same, thus making itdifficult to supply the burner with gas, and second, the gas when itreaches the burner is of such excessive temperature that it cannot beproperly mixed with the air and give eflicient results.

One of the most important objects of my invention therefore is toovercome this ditticulty and to attain this end, briefly stated, Iprovide an outer drum through which passes a stack or intensifier. Theintensifier is located over the burners and receives the hot gases ofcombustion carrying them upward to the top of the drum, while the gas isbrought down inside of the drum, but outside of the intensifier the airfor the mixture is caused to enter through the walls of the drum belowthe outlet of the intensifier and an additional quantity of air isadmitted at the lower end of the intensifier where the burners arelocated and by way of openings in the bottom portion of the drum. Inthis way the heated gases degenerated by the burners are led through adistinct passage especially provided therefor' and out of all Contactwith the gas and the air which mingles therewith to promote combustion.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide a constructionwhich, while obtaining the high advantages above outlined, may

. be constructed of standard parts and on Specication of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 9, 1909.

Patented Jan. 24, 1911.

Serial No. 516,882.

standard lines, thus reducing the cost of production and enabling me tosell the lamp at a price sulliciently low to bring about its widespreaduse, particularly in stores, halls and other large and more or lessexposed places.

Still a further object of my present invention is to provide a four orother multiple burner lamp with a pilot light attachment so arrangedthat by the operation of a single cock the burners may be successivelyput in operation or extinguished as may be desired. This enables me toattain the distinct advantage of a lamp which may be operated at full orpart power according to the light and other conditions and further alamp in which one or more burners may be cut out of action permanentlyor temporarily to await repair or adjustment, while the other burnersmay be freely operatedI in the normal manner.

My invention involves various other features of importance, particularlyrelating to the Bunsen device and to the frame work and structure of thelamp, all of which contribute generally to the results above referred toand in addition are peculiarly adapted to the performance of theirseveral individual functions, as will be fully set forth hereinafter andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

The accompanying drawings represent as an example the preferredembodiment of my invention.

In these drawings z-Figure l is a central` vertical section of thecomplete lamp; Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal section on the line 2 2of Fig. 1 looking` downward from the line section; Fig. 3 is a detailedsection .of the gas cock 011 the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4t is a sideelevation of the gas cock and its operating device; Fig. 5 is afragmentary side View of the drum showing the opening therein to admitthe air to the Bunsen device and illustrating such device partly insection. Fig. (5 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

l0 indicates the drum, which is formed of sheet metal in ornamentaloutline as partially shown in the drawing. This drum is intended inaddition to its other functions to inclose the various parts of thelamps and to contribute highly to the ornamental effect. As willhereinafter appear, the construction which -I have resorted to enablesme to attain this end fully. Said drum is formed at its upper portionwith an outward enlargement in which the outlet openings a are producedforl the escape of the gases of combustion. The middle portion of thedrum is contracted and this contracted portion is formed with oppositelydisposed openings 10b for the admission of air to the Bunsendevices.Finally, at its lower end the drum has openings 10c for the admission ofan auxiliary air supply around the mantles and at the base of the stackor intensifier.

11 indicates a rim which is made symmetrical with the drum and connectedto the lower edge thereof by a hinge 12. This rim is releasably held inits raised or normal position by a latch device 14 and said rim servesto carry the glass globe 15 of the lamp. The globe is preferably withoutopenings so that the mantles are effectually protected from drafts ofair and is arranged completely to envelope the burners.

16 indicates the main frame of the lamp, which is also the gas conduits.This frame is in the form of gas tubes and supports the lamp through itsconnection with the gas supply pipe or other fixture of the y buildingin which the lamp is installed.

. fully appear.

17 indicates the stack or intensifier, the upper end of which opens atthe plane of the openings 10a and is provided with a cap 18 whichdeflects hot gases downward into the enlarged upper portion of the drumand causes them to escape at this end. The lower end of the intensier isformed with an enlarged hood 19 at the bottom and serving a purposewhich will hereinafter Surrounding the intensifier immediately above thehood 19 is a clamp or holder shown best in Fig. 2 and comprising twosemi-circular sections 20, one of which is furnished with a screw 21 orother means for fastening it to the intensifier. Said semi-circularsections 2O have radial armsQQ which embrace the tubes 16 in pairs andare clamped against the same by screws 23. Projecting downward andoutward from each section 20 are preferably two arms 24 which arefastened to the lower part of the drum as shown. This construction itwill be observed fastens the intensifier firmly to the frame tubes 16and further rigidly mounts the drum in its proper position. To furtherbrace the lamp I provide at the upper part of the intensifier a holderor bracket composed of parts 20a, 22a and 23a, which are of the samestruct-ure and function as the parts 20, 22 and 23 and which serve thesame function, to wit, that of fastening rigidly together theintensifier and frame tubes. It will thus be seen that I provide anextremely strong frame structure without the necessity of utilizingexpensive and delicate parts and further I employ many of these frameparts as active operative parts of the lamp, all of which will fullyappear hereinafter.

The gas and frame tubes 16 bend inward toward each other at their upperends and unite at the body 25 of the gas cock which is adapted to bescrewed to the gas pipe of the building or to any other suitable supplypipe, a fragment of which is illustrated at 26 of Fig. 1. As shown bestin Fig. 3, the plug 27 of this gas cock is formed with a threeway port-28. This plug is adapted to rotate in the body 9.5 of the cock in such amanner that it may take successively four different positions, to wit;first, to close both tubes 16 from the gas supply; seco-nd, to open onetube to the gas supply; third, to open both tubes to the gas supply andfourth, to cut off one tube. For operating this cock, I prefer to employan arm29 rocking loosely on the stem of the plug and provide it with apivoted dog 30 engaging a ratchet 32 fastened to said stem. The dog 30has a spring 31 which serves the double purpose of returning the arm 29to a raised position and maintaining the dog 30 in engagement with theratchet. 33 indicates a pawl, which prevents back motion of the ratchetand plug. A chain or other connection is attached to the arm 29 and bygiving this chain a number of successive pulls the cock is caused totake its various positions above explained, the spring 31 returning thearm 29 and dog 30 after each pull on the chain.

Opposite the openings 10b in the drum 10 the gas tubes 16 are dividedand have inserted therein the air mixing devices which comprise aY-iitting 34, branches of which are open to the atmosphere through theopenings 10) in the drum and are furnished with air shutters 35 toregulate the air supply. The gas nozzle 36 enters the Y-fitting 34between its branches and is furnished with a regulating screw or valve37 (see Fig. 1). TheJ gas flows through the nipple 36 regulated inquantity by the valve 37 and in passing through the fitting 34 causesthe air to be drawn in past the shutters 35 forming the Bunsen mixture.It is pointed out that this mixture may be easily and completelyregulated by the valve 37 and air shutters 35 adapting the lamp tovarious conditions as to gas pressure and quality. At their lowerextremities the tubes 16 curve inward slightly and pass snugly throughopenings in the enlarged lower end or hood 19 of the intensifier. Atsuch ends they communicate with unions 3S from which burner tubes 39extend outward and downward. These burner tubes terminate shortly belowthe lower extremity of the hood 19 and are provided with a valve 43 bywhich the gas supply is regulated. This tube extends downward inside ofthe drum butroutside of the intensifier and terminates in a burner tip44 in the center of the cluster of mantles of which it will be seenthere are four, two for each gas tube 16.

In the operation of the burner a minute quantity of gas passescontinuously through the pilot light tube and burns at the tip L14. Thegas valve or check 37 and the air shut- ,ters 35 should be regulated toform a proper Bunsen mixture which passes down the tubes 16 and into thefour burners. This gas is ignited instantly by the pilot light. Theintensely heated gases of combust-ion generated at the burners passupward and are all collected in the hood 19, from which they pass upwardthrough the intensifier and escape at the upper end thereof. The cap 1Sdeflects these gases outward into the enlarged upper end of the drumfrom which the gases escape through the openings 10a. This furnishes adirect and isolated passage for the gases of combustion and avoidscontact of the same with the gas on its way to the burners and avoidsheating the air which is required to form the Bunsen mixture. This air,it will be seen, is drawn in cold from the atmosphere outside of thedrum below the point at which the exhaust gases escape. iVhen the gascock 27 is closed, the light of course is extinguished, the pilot lightalone burning. Upon first pulling down the arm 29 the plug is turned toadmit gas to one of the tubes 16 and the lamp then burns with twomantles only, giving one-half of its total light. Upon again turning thecock Q7 gas is admitted to the second tube 1G and then the lamp operatesat its full capacity. A third motion of the arm and cock causes one ofthe tubes to be closed, reducing the number of lights, and a fourthmotion of the cock completely extinguishes the lamp except, of course,for the pilot light. This operation it will be seen results in a veryimportant advantage, to wit, that of enabling the user of the lamp toemploy one-half of its capacity at any time. For example, early in theevening-the lamp need not be operated to its full capacity, while later,or at any time desired, it may be turned on in full. To reach themantles for repair or replacement it is only necessary to detach thelatch 14, whereupon the globe swings down exposing the mantle.

Having thus described my invention .what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

l. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having a gas tube extendingdownward to the burner, an adjustable air admission device communicatingwith said tube above the burner, a drum inclosing the tube and having anopening in its side adjacent to said adjustable air admission device,said opening supplying air to said device and affording manual accessthereto.

2. An inverted gas lamp having a burner,

a gas tube extending downward to the same, au adjustable air admissiondevice communicating with the gas tube above the burner, a gasregulating device adjacent said air admission device, and a druminclosing said gas tube and having an opening in its side adjacent tosaid adjustable air admission device and gas regulating device, saidopening supplying air to said air admission device and affording manualaccess to both devices.

3. .An inverted incandescent gas lamp having a vertically disposed gastube, an adjustable air admission device therein, a burner at the lowerend of said tube, a stack above the burner and open at its upper end tocarry off the exhaust gases and a drum inclosing the tube and stack andhaving an opening in its side adjacent to the adjustable air admissiondevice, said opening supplyingl air to said air admission device andatl'ording manual access thereto.

4. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having a vertically disposed gastube, adjustable air admission and gas regulating means therein, aburner at the lower end of said tube, a stack above the burner and openat its upper end to carry off the exhaust gases, a drum inclosing thetube and stack and having an opening in its side adjacent the stack andaas tube, said opening supplying air and affording manual access to saidmeans.

5. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having two vertically disposed gastubes, a burner communicating with the lower end of each tube, anadjustable air admission device communicating with each tube above theburners, a druln inclosing said tubes and having openings in its sideadjacent to said air admission devices and affording air and manualaccess thereto, and a stack mounted within the drum and extendingvertically therein above the burners to carry the gases of combustionthrough the drum above said openings in the side thereof.

6. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having a central gas supply pipe, avertlcally disposed gas tube extending downward therefrom, a burnercommunicating with the lower end of said tube, an air admission devicecomlmmicating with said tube above the burner, a drum inclosing saidtube and having its side apertured adjacent to said air admissiondevice, a stack mounted Within the drum and extending vertically thereinabove the burner to carry the gases of combustion through the drum abovesaid apertured portion of the drum, the upper part of the drum havingorifices adjacent to the upper end of the stack, and a deflector abovethe upper end of the stack and below said central gas supply pipe todirect the gases of combustion outward to said orifices.

7. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having a central gas supply pipe,two vertically disposed gas tubes extending downward therefrom, a burnercommunicating with the lower end of each tube, an air admission devicecommunicating with each tube above the burners, a drum inclosing saidtubes and having openings in its side adjacent to said air admissiondevices, a stack mounted within the drum and extending verticallytherein above the burners to carry the gases of combustion through thedrum above said openings in the side thereof, the upper portion of thedrum being enlarged and having orifices through its side walls adjacentto the upper end of the stack, and a deflector above the upper end ofthe stack and below said central gas supply pipe to direct the gases ofcombustion outward to said orifices.

8. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having two vertically disposedframe inembers, a drum inclosing said frame members, burners, a stackmounted within the drum over said burners, and a holder embracing andholding the stack and frame members and having arms rigidly secured tosaid drum, whereby the drum, stack and frame members are rigidlyconnected together.

9. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having two vertically disposed gastubes, a burner communicating with the lower end of each tube, a druminclosing said tubes, a stack mounted within the drum and extendingvertically therein above the burners to carry the gases of combustionthrough the drum, and holders for rigidly connecting the drum, stack andgas tubes, Comprising sectional clamps embracing the stack,

with extensions engaging the gas tubes,'and the portions of such clampsembracing said stack having outward projecting arms astened to the drum.

10. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having a central gas supply pipe,a burner, a stack above the same to carry off the burned gases, a gastube extending downto the burner from said supply pipe outside of thestack, a drum inclosing the stack and tube, a globe inclosing theburner, means for mounting the same at the lower end of the drum, an airadmission device communicating with the gas tube, said drum having anopening therein adjacent to said air admission device, and a deflectorfor deflecting the gases laterally from the upper end of the stack, saiddeiiector being disposed below said central gas supply pipe and saiddrum having exit orifices in its upper portions adjacent said deilector.

l1. An inverted incandescent gas lamp having two gas tubes, burnerssupplied thereby, a gas supply pipe from which said gas tubes extend,and a gas cock at the junction of said pipe and tubes, said cock havinga three-way-plug adapted in diiierent positions to place said supplypipe in communication with said tubes respectively andat an intermediateposition to place said pipe in communication with both tubes.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this speciication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. CAMPBELL,

Vitnesses IsAAo B. OWENS, B. BIGGE.

